Temperament and iq mediate the effects of family history of substance abuse and family dysfunction on academic achievement

1995 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Blackson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Critical Family History and Cultural Evolution: A Call for Interdisciplinary Research to Determine What Works to Replace Anger with Compassion for Social Justice

Genealogy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Family History ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
What Works ◽  
History Of

I use critical family history to investigate: (a) my British/Scot ancestors who engaged in slavery and have a history of oppressive treatment of indigenous peoples, and (b) my Acadian and Mi’kmaq indigenous origins. My family’s conflicting history is embedded in historical hierarchies of conqueror and oppressed, as well as family dysfunction. From this history, I wonder how we can create greater positive change toward altruism and social justice? I provide literature based in cultural evolution that investigated the complex social and natural sciences that delineate our search to understand what is happening and what works to create more altruistic human behavior leading to greater social justice

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Study of Epidemiological Determinants of Substance Abuse among Male Substance Abusers Attending a De-Addiction Centre in Bangalore City

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 2572-2577
Author(s):  
Sumanth Tarikere Parameshwaraiah ◽  
Vishnuvardhan Gopalkrishna ◽  
Vidhyavathi Malyam ◽  
Asha Chandahalli Sannappa ◽  
Amulya Bhaskara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND Substance abuse is a cause of deaths, global burden of disease and injury. Increasing trends of underage substance abuse have shown to be associated with future substance dependency. Understanding various factors associated with it will help mitigate the severity and extent of use. In this study, we wanted to find out the pattern of substance abuse in patients at a de-addiction centre in Bangalore. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 male patients admitted to a deaddiction centre in Bangalore. Information was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire forms and the collected data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) v 16.0 software. RESULTS The majority of the participants abused alcohol (92.4 %) and nicotine (74.2 %). 40.5 % of the participants initiated alcohol abuse in age groups of 12 – 18 (Years). Peer pressure (40.4 %) and curiosity (19 %) were observed as the most common reason for substance abuse. The common reason to seek de-addiction services was family pressure (22.4 %), physical health problems (14.2 %), family responsibility (12.4 %) fear of being a social outcast in the community (12 %) and psychiatric problems (10.6 %). Among the participants, 39.4 % had a family history of substance abuse and 41 % had a history of psychiatric illness. 47.4 % reported a history of child abuse. CONCLUSIONS Most participants initiated abuse before age of 25 mainly due to peer pressure. Proper enforcement of rules concerning under-aged substance abuse, proper peer and familial support, addressing concerns of psychiatric comorbidity and child abuse can decrease the chances of future dependency and thus lessen the burden of the problem. KEYWORDS De-Addiction Centre, Under-Aged Substance Abuse, Family History, Psychiatric Illness

scholarly journals Genetic variants associated with addictive behavior in Colombian addicted and non-addicted to heroin or cocaine

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Isaza ◽  
Julieta Henao ◽  
Leonardo Beltrán ◽  
Liliana Porras-Hurtado ◽  
Martha Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abcb1 Gene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pcr Techniques

Objective: Determine the prevalence and compare some genetic markers involved in addictive behavior in agroup of addicts to derivative of coca (cocaine/crack) or heroin and a control group of non-addicted peoplematched for gender, age and ethnicity. Methods: A 120 addicts and 120 non-addicts Colombian male were surveyed and genotyped for 18 polymorphismof the OPRM1, DRD2, DRD4, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ABCB1, DβH and CYP2B6 genes. For the identificationof alleles markers were used mini-sequencing and fragment multiplex PCR techniques; ethnicity of cases and controls was analyzed with 61 AIMs. Results: The age of onset use of heroin or coca derivatives (cocaine/crack) was 16.5±6 yrs and 99.2% of them consume several illicit drugs. It showed that controls and addicts belong to the same ethnic group. Significant differences between addicts and controls in relation to schooling, marital status, social security family history of substance abuse (p<0.001), Int8-VNTR SLC6A3 gene (p= 0.015) and SNP 3435C>T ABCB1 gene (p= 0.001)were found. Conclusion: The present results indicate that the VNTR-6R polymorphism of the gene SLC6A3 and the genotype 3435CC in the ABCB1 gene, are both associated with addictive behavior to heroin or cocaine.

Temperament Mediates the Effects of Family History of Substance Abuse on Externalizing and Internalizing Child Behavior

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Blackson ◽  
Ralph E. Tarter ◽  
Christopher S. Martin ◽  
Howard B. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
History Of

Predictors of Time-to-Remission and Recovery

2018 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Mary C. Zanarini
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vocational Functioning

This chapter reports on the bivariate and multivariate predictors of two of our most important outcomes—remission and recovery. In terms of time-to-remission, seven variables that span five areas of prediction were found to be significant in multivariate analyses. These areas were: lack of chronicity, good premorbid vocational functioning, no history of childhood sexual abuse, no family history of substance abuse, and three aspects of temperament. In terms of time-to-recovery, five variables that span three areas of prediction were found to be significant in multivariate analyses. These areas were: lack of chronicity, competence, and temperament. The clinical implications of these significant models and the significant bivariate predictors that did not end up in these models are discussed in detail.

Parental Hostage Takers

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Kennedy ◽  
D. E. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Family History ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Psychiatric Unit ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Intervention

Three men presented to a single regional secure psychiatric unit over a twelve-month period, after taking their youngest child hostage in their own homes because of a threatened separation from the family. In each case the episode had escalated because of hostility to police involvement in what for them was a typical domestic upheaval. All cases ended without injury. In each man, substance abuse, a family history of domestic violence and fears of rejection were prominent, and the recent birth of a child may have been an added precipitant. There may be a common family structure which predisposes to such situations. Psychiatric intervention was deemed appropriate, with some evidence of benefit for the two men who engaged in treatment.

Impact of Family History of Substance Abuse on Admission Opioid Dose, Depressive Symptoms, and Pain Catastrophizing in Patients with Chronic Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Pestka ◽  
Julia Craner ◽  
Michele Evans ◽  
Virginia Nash ◽  
Njoki Kimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family History ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Opioid Dose ◽  
History Of
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